Plastics are a grave, growing, and under-recognised danger to human and planetary health. Plastics cause disease and death from infancy to old age and are responsible for health-related economic losses exceeding US$1.5 trillion annually. The principal driver of this crisis is the accelerating growth in plastic production.
Plastics are a grave, growing, and under-recognised danger to human and planetary health. Plastics cause disease and
death from infancy to old age and are responsible for health-related economic losses exceeding US$1·5 trillion
annually. These impacts fall disproportionately upon low-income and at-risk populations. The principal driver of this
crisis is accelerating growth in plastic production—from 2 megatonnes (Mt) in 1950, to 475 Mt in 2022 that is
projected to be 1200 Mt by 2060. Plastic pollution has also worsened, and 8000 Mt of plastic waste now pollute the
planet. Less than 10% of plastic is recycled. Yet, continued worsening of plastics’ harms is not inevitable. Similar to air
pollution and lead, plastics’ harms can be mitigated cost-effectively by evidence-based, transparently tracked,
effectively implemented, and adequately financed laws and policies. To address plastics’ harms globally, UN member
states unanimously resolved in 2022 to develop a comprehensive, legally binding instrument on plastic pollution,
namely the Global Plastics Treaty covering the full lifecycle of plastic. Coincident with the expected finalisation of this
treaty, we are launching an independent, indicator-based global monitoring system: the Lancet Countdown on health
and plastics. This Countdown will identify, track, and regularly report on a suite of geographically and temporally
representative indicators that monitor progress toward reducing plastic exposures and mitigating plastics’ harms to
human and planetary health.